d
.
toLocaleTimeString
()
// "4:00:00 PM"
d
.
toTimeString
()
// "17:00:00 GMT-0700 (Pacific Daylight Time)"
d
.
toUTCString
()
// "Sat, 10 May 1930, 00:00:00 GMT"
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"YYYY-MM-DD"
);
// "1930-05-09"
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm"
);
// "1930-05-09 17:00
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm Z"
);
// "1930-05-09 17:00 -07:00
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"YYYY-MM-DD HH:mm [UTC]Z"
);
// "1930-05-09 17:00 UTC-07:00
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"dddd, MMMM [the] Do, YYYY"
);
// "Friday, May the 9th, 1930"
moment
(
d
).
format
(
"h:mm a"
);
// "5:00 pm"
This example shows how inconsistent and inflexible the built-in date formatting
options are. In JavaScript’s favor, these built-in formatting options do attempt to pro‐
vide formatting that’s appropriate for the user’s locale. If you need to support date for‐
matting in multiple locales, this is an inexpensive but inflexible way to do it.
This is not designed to be an exhaustive reference to the formatting options available
in Moment.js; see the online documentation for that. What it is designed to commu‐
nicate is that if you have date formatting needs, Moment.js can almost certainly meet
them. Like many such date formatting metalanguages, there are some common con‐
ventions. More letters means more verbose; that is,
"M"
gets you
1
,
2
,
3
,...;
"MM"
gets
you
01
,
02
,
03
,...;
"MMM"
gets you
Jan
,
Feb
,
Mar
,...; and
"MMMM"
gets you
January
,
Febru
ary
,
March
,.... A lowercase
"o"
will give you an ordinal:
"Do"
will give you
1st
,
2nd
,
3rd
, and so on. If you want to include letters that you don’t want interpreted as meta‐
characters, surround them with square brackets:
"[M]M"
will give you
M1
,
M2
, and so
on.
One frustration that Moment.js doesn’t completely solve is the use
of time zone abbreviations, such as EST and PST. Moment.js has
deprecated the z formatting character due to lack of consistent
international standards. See the Moment.js documentation for a
detailed discussion of the issues with time zone abbreviations.
Date Components
If you need to access individual components of a
Date
instance, there are methods for
that:
const
d
=
new
Date
(
Date
.
UTC
(
1815
,
9
,
10
));
// these are the results someone would see in Los Angeles
d
.
getFullYear
()
// 1815
d
.
getMonth
()
// 9 - October
d
.
getDate
()
// 9
d
.
getDay
()
// 1 - Monday
Date Components | 225
