Nhung y�u t6 nao bao tni6'c b�nh hen keo dai?
Rat nhieu yeu to lam ngmYi ta tin r�ng tre se luon bi hen. Ch�ng h:;m, neu dfra tre lien
tl).C Jen CO'Il hen ho�c th& rit ngoai thCri.
ky CO dich cum, rat CO kha nang b�nh hen Cua be keo
dai. Neu tre bi eczema thi rui ro tang gap ba fan. Ngoai ra, yeu to di truyen ding c6 anh
hu&ng: neu chi cha ho�c m� bi di frng, nguy CO' bi hen cua be la tl:r 20 - 40%. Neu ca cha l�n
m� deu bi di frng, tY l� nay Jen t&i 40 - 80%.
Nhung diu hi�u bao tni6'c?
Cac tri�u chfrng rat r6: viem mfii khong sot, tiep theo la ho va th& rit khi tre co gang
lam dieu gi do, ho�C CU'Cri., kh6c. Khi nhfrng dau hi�u nay xuat hi�n, dl:rng tim each tri CO'Il
ho b�ng siro ho�c cac loq.i thuoc khac
vi
nhu the, tinh trq.ng nghen phe quan se tram tr9ng
hO'Il lam cho vi�c dieu tri ve sau kem hi�u qua.
TIEM PHONG CHO TRE
Tiem phong la each dung mam b�nh chet ho�c song nhrmg lam cho het doc ho�c dung
mot phan mam b�nh (nhu dung l&p
VO
ngoai virus B ch�ng hq.n) da dU'Q'C bao che thanh
thuoc chung (vaccin) dg dua vao CO' thg. Nh& v�y, CO' thg nh�n di�n dU'Q'C mam b�nh dg khi
nhi�m mam b�nh th�t, CO' thg se chong tra c6 hi�u qua, tieu di�t dU'Q'C mam b�nh. N6i g9n
hO'Il, tiem phong la nh�m phong ngl:ra mot b�nh nao do b�ng each tq.o nen Sl,l' mi�n dich cho
nguCri. duqc tiem phong. Thong thu&ng tiem phong duqc thl,l'c hi�n cho tre tl:r khi m&i sinh
ra, tfrc la tl:r khi tre da c6 kha nang bi nhi�m b�nh. Do m6i nu&c c6 d�c digm ve mo hinh
b�nh t�t khac nhau nen tiem phong c6 thay d6i tuy theo m6i nu&c ho�c khu Vl).'C.
Hi�n nay c6 6 b�nh duqc ngl:ra cho tre em Vi�t Nam theo Jich tiem phong bat buoc va
mi�n phi la lao, bq.i li�t, bq.ch hau, uon van, ho ga, s&i.
a mot so nu&c chau A, th�m chi co
nu&c thuoc khu Vl,l'C Dong Nam
A, trong chrrO'Ilg trinh tiem chung m& rong c6 tiem phong
them b�nh thfr 7 la b�nh viem gan virus B. Ngoai tiem phong bat buoc 6 b�nh kg tren, &
Vi�t Nam, tre em con duqc tiem phong tl,l' nguy�n (tfrc gia dinh ll,l'a ch9n va chiu chi phi cho
vi�c tiem phong) d@ ngl:ra cac b�nh sau: viem mang nao mu Hemophillus influenza hib,
viem mang nao mu do nao mo cau Nesseria meningitidis, thuy d�u (varicella), viem gan
virus B, quai bi, rubeol (c6 thuoc Trimovax ngl:ra ca 3 b�nh quai bi, rubeol, s&i), viem nao
Nh�t Ban B va ca viem gan virus B. Doi v&i cac tinh & dong b�ng song Cl:ru Long thi b�nh
U'U
tien tiem phong tg nguy�n vi Sl,l' lay nhi�m la thrrO'Ilg han va dich ta. Theo Giao SU'
Lolekha, trong tinh hinh hi�n nay doi v&i tre em chau
A, thuoc tiem phong b�nh c6 th@
phan lam 5 nh6m nhu sau:
Nhom
1 :
Gorn 6 thuoc thuoc chuO'Ilg trinh tiem chung m& rong & nu&c ta cong v&i
thuoc tiem chung viem gan virus B. Day la nh6m tiem phong bat buoc. Can dua tiem phong
viem gan virus B vao chITO'Ilg trinh tiem chung m& rong vi ty l� nhi�m b�nh nay & chau
A
rat cao so v&i cac nu&c phITO'Ilg Tay va c6 khoang mot mra tre c6 m� nhi�m virus B deu tr&
thanh ngITCri. mang mam b�nh mq.n tinh. Bon nh6m con lq.i thuoc loq.i tiem phong tl,l'
nguy�n, tuy trU'&ng hqp bo m� se dua tre di tiem phong va c6 thg phai tra chi phi cho vi�c
tiem chung.
