Microeconomics is concerned with the choices made by individual
economic agents and with the behavior of prices and quantities in
markets for specific goods or services. A consumer, a worker, and a firm
are individual economic agents. The market for mangoes is a subject for
microeconomics, as is the labor market. International trade is often
considered to be a microeconomic field because the tools of
microeconomics are used to analyze the choices facing individual
countries in world markets.
Macroeconomics is concerned with the behavior of the economy at an
aggregate level. Important issues that macroeconomists study include
economic growth, the rate of inflation, the national unemployment
level, and the level of the exchange rate.
Most economists specialize more narrowly than just in microeconomics
or macroeconomics. Popular fields of study include Economic
Development, International Trade, International Finance, Labor Economics,
Public Finance, Banking and the Financial Sector, the Economics of
Education, Environmental Economics, and Health Economics. Related
subjects include Accounting and Financial Analysis, Marketing, and
Project Appraisal.
Economics students always begin by studying microeconomic principles
and macroeconomic principles to establish the foundation for more detailed
study of their fields of interest. Accordingly, the next few articles will
focus on the basics of micro and macro. With this foundation in place, we
will be well-prepared to move on to several particular fields.
2. CÁC CHUYÊN NGÀNH KINH TẾ
Kình tế học là môn học bao quát hầu như mọi lĩnh vực hoạt động của
con người. Mỗi một hoạt động sau đây đều là một quyết định kinh tế: Bạn
chọn nơi ăn trưa, người cha tiết kiệm tiền để con gái học đại học, một công
