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[76]

Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Intellect,” in Emerson: Essays and Lectures

(New York: Library of America, 1983), 417.

[77]

See Maryanne Wolf, Proust and the Squid: The Stoiy and Science of

the Reading Brain (New York: Harper, 2007), 217.

[78]

H. G. Wells, World Brain (New York: Doubleday, Doran, 1938), vii.

[79]

Rene Descartes, The Philosophical Writings of Descartes, vol. 3, The

Correspondence (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991), 304.

[80]

Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy (New York: Routledge, 2002),

82.

[81]

F. Ostrosky-Solis, Miguel Arellano Garcia, and Martha Perez, “Can

Learning to Read and Write Change the Brain Organization? An
Electrophysio- logical Study,” International Journal of Psychology, 39, no. 1
(2004): 27-35.

[82]

Wolf, Proust and the Squid, 36.

[83]

E. Paulesu, J.-F. Demonet, F. Fazio, et al., “Dyslexia: Cultural

Diversity and Biological Unity,” Science, 291 (March 16, 2001): 2165-67.
See also Maggie Jackson, Distracted: The Erosion of Attention and the
Coming Dark Age (Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 2008), 168-69.

[84]

Wolf, Proust and the Squid, 29.

[85]

Ibid., 34.

[86]

Ibid., 60-65.

[87]

Quotations from Phaedrus are taken from the popular translations by

Reginald Hackforth and Benjamin Jowett.

[88]

Eric A. Havelock, Preface to Plato (Cambridge, MA: Harvard

University Press, 1963), 41.