* Lạm phát là phần trăm thay đổi hàng năm các mức giá.
** Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp: phần trăm lực lượng lao động không có việc làm.
(Saigon Times Daily ngày 25-11-2002)
35. Fiscal Policy
Fiscal policy is normally undertaken by the government (excluding the
central bank) to affect the level of economic activity. When the economy
slows down, the government could use expansionary fiscal policy to
counteract the slowdown. Conversely, when the economy heats up and
there is a danger of accelerating inflation, it could use contractionary fiscal
policy. Concrete examples of expansionary fiscal policy include: increases
in government expenditures on infrastructure and similar projects, such as
those in Japan during certain periods in the 1990's, and income tax cuts,
such as the recent ones in the U.S. Tax cuts cause disposable income (or
after tax) to go up, thus leading to increases in consumption expenditures.
