PHẦN BỐN: GHETTO
1. G. K. Anderson, The Legend of the Wandering Jew (London 1965); S. W. Baron, Social and Religious History of the Jews (tái bản lần thứ hai, New York, 1952), 11 177-82;
Encyclopaedia Judaica, xvi 259-63.
2. Trích trong Lionel Kochan, The Jew and his History (London 1977), 39; xem thêm Arthur A. Cohen, The Natural and Supernatural Jew
(London 1967), 12ff.
3. Encyclopaedia Judaica, viii 1203-5.
4. Cecil Roth, Jewish Communities: Venice (Philadelphia 1930), 49ff.
5. Cecil Roth, “The Origin of the
Ghetto” trong Personalities and Events in Jeiwish History (Philadelphia 1961), 226ff.
6. Roth, Venice, 106-7.
7. Sđd, 46.
8. Simhah Luzzatto, Essay on the Jews of Venice
(bản dịch, Jerusalem 1950), 122-3.
9. Esther 3:2.
10. Trích trong H. H. Ben Sasson (chủ biên), A History of the Jewish People (bản dịch, Harvard 1976), 691.
11. J.
Bloch, Venetian Printers of Hebrew Books (London 1932), 5-16; Encyclopaedia Judaica, V197; xvi 101; iv 1195-7.
12. Trích trong Cecil Roth, “The Background of Shilock”
trong Personalities and Events, 237ff..
13. Trích trong sđd, 250.
14. Sđd, 288-9.
15. Israel Adler, “The Rise of Art Music in the Italian Ghetto” trong Alexander Altmann
(chủ biên), Jewish Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Harvard 1967), 321-64.
16. Roth, Personalities and Events, 1-3.
17. Alexander Marx, “A Jewish Cause Célèbre in
Sixteenth Century Italy,” Studies in Jewish History and Booklore (New York 1969), 107-54.
18. Cecil Roth, “The Amazing Abraham Colomi” trong Personalities and Events,
296ff.
19. CecilRoth, “A Community of Slaves” trong Personalities and Events, 112ff.
20. Trích trong sđd, 114-15.
21. W. L. Gundersheimer, “Erasmus, Humanism and
the Christian Kabbalah,” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institute, 26 (1963), 38-52.
22. Trích trong Jonathan I. Israel, European Jewry in the Age of Mercantilism
(Oxford 1985), 15.
23. So sánh W. Linden (chủ biên), Luther’s Kampfschriften gegen das Judentum (Berlin 1936).
24. Baron, sđd,xiii 281-90.
25. Israel, sđd, 13.
26.
Sđd, 16.
27. K. R. Stow, Catholic Thought and Papal Jewry Policy 1555-1593 (New York 1977).
28. Brian Pulhan, The Jews of Europeand the Inquisition of Venice 1550-
1670 (Oxford 1983), ch. 2.
29. Sđd, 21.
30. Chẳng hạn xem, H. R. Trevor-Roper, Religion, the Reformation and Social Change (London 1967).
31. Manasseh ben Israel,
“The Hope of Israel” (London 1652), in trong Lucien Wolf (chủ biên), Manasseh ben Israel’s Mission to Oliver Cromwell (London 1901), 50-1.
32. Trích trong Ben Sasson, sđd,
391.
33. Trích trong Encyclopaedia Judaica, xii 244-56.
34. Đệ nhị luật 7:13.
35. Đệ nhị luật 15:6.
36. Thánh Thi 34:10.
37. Trích trong Werner Sombart, The
Jews and Modern Capitalism (bản dịch, London 1913), 36.
38. Ben Sasson, sđd, 670-9.
39. Israel, sđd, 27-30.
40. Erhard Oestreich, Neostoicism and the Early Modern
State (Cambridge 1982), 45-56; Israel, sđd, 38.
41. Roth, Venice, 305-6; Benjamin Ravid, Economics and Toleration in Seventeenth Century Venice (Jerusalem 1978), 30-3;
Israel, sđd, 47-8.
42. H. I. Bloom, The Economic Activities of the Jews of Amsterdam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries (London 1937).
43. O. Muneles, The
Prague Ghetto in the Renaissance Period (London 1965).
44. Israel, sđd, 96; 88-90; 102ff.; 117.
45. S. Stem, Court Jew (London 1950).
46. Về Oppenheimer, xem
Israel, sđd, 123ff.; Stem, sđd; M. Grunwald, Samuel Oppenheimer und sein Kreis (Frankfurt 1913); Encyclopaedia Judaica, xii 1431-3.
47. Trích trong Encyclopaedia Judaica,
iii 402-5.
48. Israel, sđd, 121.
49. B.D.Weinryb, The Jews of Poland: A Social and Economic History of the Jewish Community in Poland from 1100 to 1880 (Philadelphia
1972), 192-9; Encyclopaedia Judaica, v 480-4.
50. Xem Gerhard Scholem, “Zohar: Manuscripts and Editions,” Encyclopaedia Judaica, xvi 211-12.
51. Về Luria, xem
Gerhard Scholem, Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism (New York 1965), 244-86, 405-15; và Sabbatai Sevi: The Mystical Messiah 1626-76 (bản dịch, London 1973), 28-44.
52.
Trích trong Schalem, Sabbatai Sevi, 18.
53. Về Reubeni và Molcho, xem Roth, Venice, 72ff.
54. R. J. Z. Werblowski, Joseph Caro, Lawyer and Mystic (Oxford 1962).
55. Trích trong H. H. Ben Sasson, “Messianic Movements,” Encyclopaedia Judaica, xi 1426.
56. Isaiah 28:15-18; 34:14; Habakkuk 3:5; Chronicles 21:1; Leviticus 16:8. J.
Trachtenberg, The Devil and the Jews (Philadelphia 1943).
57. J. Trachtenberg, Jewish Magic and Superstition (New York 1939).
58. Thánh Thi 139:14-16.
59. Roth,
Personalities and Events, 78ff.
60. Được trích bởi Ben Sasson, Encyclopaedia Judaica, xi 1425-6.
61. Scholem, Sabbatai Sevi, 3ff.
62. Trích trong sđd.
63. Trích
trong Scholem, Encyclopaedia Judaica, xiv 1235.
64. Cecil Roth, Essays and Portraits in Anglo-Jewish History (London 1962), 139-64; Encyclopaedia Judaica, vi 1159-60.
